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Martianus Capella
Martianus Minneus Felix Capella was a Latin prose writer of Late Antiquity (fl. 410 - 420 CE), one of the earliest developers of the system of the seven liberal arts that structured early medieval education. According to Cassiodorus, he was a native of Madaura—which had been the native city of Apuleius—in the Roman province of Africa (now Souk Ahras, Algeria). He appears to have practiced as a jurist at Roman Carthage.
Martianus often presents philosophical views based on Neoplatonism, the platonic school of philosophy pioneered by Plotinus and his followers.〔Danuta Shanzer, ''A Philosophical and Literary Commentary on Martianus Capella's ''De Nuptiis Philologiae et Mercurii'' Book One'' (University of California Press, 1986), pp. 14, 136 ''et passim''; Stahl, et al., vol. 1, p. 10.〕 Like his near-contemporary Macrobius, who also produced a major work on classical Roman religion, Martianus never directly identifies his own religious affiliation. Much of his work occurs in the form of dialogue, and the views of the interlocutors may not represent the author's own.〔Stahl and Johnson with Burge, ''The Quadrivium of Martianus Capella'', p. 5ff.; Alan Cameron, ''The Last Pagans of Rome'' (Oxford University Press, 2011), p. 265ff. Cameron finds it highly unlikely that a non-Christian could participate prominently in public life at this late date.〕
The lunar crater Capella is named after him.
==Biography==
Martianus was active during the fifth century, composing his one famous book, ''De nuptiis''—fundamental in the history of education, the history of rhetoric and the history of science〔William H. Stahl, "To a Better Understanding of Martianus Capella" ''Speculum'' 40.1 (January 1965), pp. 102-115.〕—after the sack of Rome by Alaric I in 410, which he mentions, but apparently before the conquest of North Africa by the Vandals in 429. As early as the middle of the sixth century, Securus Memor Felix, a professor of rhetoric, received the text in Rome, for his personal subscription at the end of Book I (or Book II in many manuscripts) records that he was working "from most corrupt exemplars". Gerardus Vossius erroneously took this to mean that Martianus was himself active in the sixth century, giving rise to a long-standing misconception about Martianus's dating.〔Parker, H. - "The Seven Liberal Arts" (The English Historical Review, vol. 5, no. 19, pp. 417-461)〕
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